Choice of Species-Area Function Affects Identification of Hotspots
نویسنده
چکیده
I tested the reliability of species-area curves for use in identifying hotspots, political or geographical regions of high species richness. On a species-area plot, hotspots are points (regions) that appear above the curve to a greater extent than other points. Because several different curves can be fit to species-area data, identification of hotspots may differ depending on the curve-fitting function used. I tested this hypothesis by comparing hotspots identified by the power function, the extreme value function, a linear function, and the exponential function. I examined several species-area data sets varying in size and in the presence of endemics. I defined hotspots as the highest 25% for small data sets and highest 10% and 25% for large data sets of standardized residuals from each function fitted to each data set. For some data sets, the functions agreed in identification of hotspots in that they identified 75% or more of the same hotspots. The extreme value function tended to identify hotspots not identified by the other three functions. For most data sets, the functions did not agree completely in identifying hotspots. Therefore, species-area curves should not be used as the sole means of identifying hotspots of species richness, although they can be used to examine the effect hotspot area has on richness for hotspots identified by other methods. La Selección de la Función Especie-Area Afecta la Identificación de Zonas Clave Resumen: Determiné la confiabilidad de curvas de especie-área a ser usadas en la identificación de zonas clave, regiones políticas o geográficas de alta riqueza de especies. En gráficas de especie-área las zonas clave son puntos (regiones) que aparecen por arriba de la curva con una extención relativamente mayor que los otros puntos. Debido a que hay diferentes curvas que pueden ajustarse a datos de especie-área, la identificación de zonas clave puede diferir dependiendo de la función de ajuste de curva utilizada. Examiné esta hipótesis al comparar zonas clave identificadas por una función de potencia, la función de valor extremo, la función lineal y la función exponencial. Examiné series de datos de especie-área que variaron en tamaño y en presencia de especies endémicas. Definí las zonas clave como aquellas con porcentajes de residuos estandarizados de cada función ajustada en cada base de datos de 25% mayor para juegos de datos pequeños y 10% y 25% mayor para juegos de datos grandes. Para algunos juegos de datos, las funciones coincidieron en la identificación de zonas clave en las que las funciones identificaron 75% o mas de ellas. La función de valores extremos tendió a identificar zonas clave que no fueron identificadas por las otras tres funciones. Para la mayoría de los juegos de datos las funciones no coincidieron completamente en la identificación de zonas clave. Por lo tanto, las curvas de especie-área no deberían ser usadas como medio único para la identificación de zonas clave de riqueza de especies, aunque pueden ser utilizadas para examinar los efectos que las zonas clave tienen sobre la riqueza para zonas clave identificadas por otros métodos. Paper submitted February 4, 1999; revised manuscript accepted May 12, 1999.
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